chambers



2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

J. CHAMBERS. APPARATUS FOR 000mm AIR FOR RBPRIGERATING, FREEZING, AND

OTHER LIKE PURPOSES.

No. 280,131. Patentefl .T me 26 N. PETERS Phato-Lilhognphor. wunin ton.D. c.

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

J. CHAMBERS. APPARATUS FOR COOLING AIR FOR REFRIGERATINGfFREEZING, AND

OTHER LIKE PURPOSES.

No. 280,131. Patented June 26, 1883.

wn/es ses @Zw w N, PETERS Pholn-Lilhflgnphur, Wanhmgiom n.c.

U ITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN CHAMBERS, or TE MATA, NEW 'ZEALAND.

APPARATUS FOR COOLING AIR FOR REFRlGERATlNG, FREEZING, AND OTHER LIKEPURPOSES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 280,131, dated June 26,1883.

Application filed September 9,18F2. (No model.) Patented in EnglandApril 27, 18$2,No.1,984.

To all whom, it may concern Be it known that 1, JOHN CHAMBERS, of TeMata, New. Zealand, at present residing at Manchester, in the county ofLancaster, in the United Kingdom of Great Britain, have invented certainnew and useful Improve. ments in Apparatus for Cooling Air forBefrigerating, Freezing, and other like Pun poses, (for which I havereceived Letters Patent in Great Britain, No. 1,984, dated April 27,1882 and Ido declare that the following is a clear and exact descriptionof the invention, which will enable others skilled in the art to whichit appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to improvements in apparatus for cooling air, inwhich the air is caused to pass through pipes (surrounded by arefrigerated substance) so arranged that the moisture in the air inexcess of saturation is separated from the air and removed as water,thereby making it practicable to h ve a very compact arrangement ofcooling-pipes located either within or outside of the chamber or spaceto be cooled, and freed from the liability of the air-passages beingclosed by the formation and lodgment of snow or ice within the pipes orin the passages. In all similar a-rrangements heretofore constructedthis stoppage of the air-passages has caused serious trouble and hasbeen considered by many as an insurmountable difficulty. Saturated aircontains aqueous vapor in varying quantities, dependent up on thetemperature ofthe air; but, invariably decreasing with every reductionof temperature, the excess of moisture forms into such infinitesimaldrops that they are held in suspension in the air. It is this moisturein excess of saturation that causes the trouble in this class ofair-cooling arrangements; and the The methods I more clearly understoodby reference to the accompanying drawings; but before proceeding todescribe them I would remark that my invention does not consist of orinclude any method of producing cold, but only in the necessaryapparatus for its absorption and distribution.

of the well-known condensable gases; but the appliances for producing arefrigcn'a-tedliquid are not ShOWlL' chambers; A, Figs. 1 and 2,depositing-chant hers in base A; B, Figs. 1, 2, and 1t, casings orcylinders containing pipes; 0, groups of bent pipes in casing B; G,tube-sheets into which both ends of the tubes G are fixed; 1'), Figs. 1,2, 3, and 4, mid-feather or partition dividing baseA; 1), Figs. 1 and 4,midfcather between legs of pipes E, Figs. 1 and 2, drain-pipe underlyingthe depositing-chamber A; E, Fig. l, sehri-rmrtitions across drainpipesE; F, Figs. 1, 2, and 3, air-inlet pipes; F, Figs. 2 and 3,'air outletpipes; 1", Figs. 1 and 2, openings inpassagesinto compartments A; G,Figs. 1, 2, and 4t, brine-phges; H, Figs.

The cold may be produced by the melting of ice or by the vaporization ofany 1., 2, and 3, slides or gates in air-pipes F and F; 1, Figs. 1, 2,and .4, cocks or slides in brinepipes; J, Figs. 1 and i,,t] n-ee-waycocks in brinepipes.

The working 0 i apparatus will be best understood by rein ence to thedrawings. it is, however, to b u-assumed' that the air-inlet pipe F isconnected with a blower capable of displacing the requisite quantity ofair against a maximum. pressure of five pounds per square inch, and thatthe brine-pipe (l is connected with a cold-producing arrangement, andthat the cylinders B above the tube-sheet C are filled with arefrigerated non-congealable liquid kept in constant circulation fromthe cylinder B, where it absorbs the heat from the air passing throughthe pipes C to the refrigerator of the cold-producing apparatus, whereit parts with the heat previously absorbed. It is also to be assumedthat saturated air (the conditi on of extreme disadvantage) atatemperature, say, of 80 Fahrenheit is discharged from the blower intothe compartment A at a, while the refrigerated liquid is forced into thecy1in der B through the three-way cock J at I), and that the air andbrine follow the direction of the respective arrows. The air in thecondition and at .the temperature named will contain. eleven grains ofaqueous vapor per cubic foot; but when. cooled to 33, a cubic foot willbe saturated with. 2.25 grains, and the excess of 8.75 grains will havebeen deposited upon the metal surfaces of the pipes and chambers duringthe process of cooling. This surplus moisture first appears ininfinitesimal globules, which by forcible contact with metal surfacesare soon aggregated into larger drops, and are swept along with thecurrent of air, and at each downward termination of the pipes theaecumulated water is lodged in the underlying depositing-chamber, whilethe air passes up and down another group ofthe pipes and againdepositsthe accumulated water, and so on through the series. The water lodgedin. the different chambers runs into the drain-pipe common to all thechambers, and is from thence conduct ed away. By this method of coolingthe airit will be evident that there can not be a formati on -ihetemperature about 25.)

of snow or iceuntil the airis cooled to 32, and then only from the smallpercentage of moisture not previously deposited, and that when everthere is any formation it will always be in. the groups of pipesfarthest removed. from the air-inlet. To liquefy and dislodge any suchformation, .1. have only to reverse the current of the air, which llcanreadily do by o ening slide It and closing slide II, and this withoutinterruptitm of the flow of air throughthe apparatus. In. the event ofair entering the apparatus at a temperature of 32 or below, it would bepractically dry and would ca use no deposition; but assuming that air'atthis temperature carried sufficient moisture to eongeal,

or that there was a previous formation in the pipes, in such case I.should clear the pipes by compressing the air sutiicient to raise thetem-- per-ature above the melting point of ice. This is donebythrottling the exit-passage. (A press ure of three pounds to the squareinch will raise I also make provision for reversing the brinecurrent orwithdrawing the brine altogether from either of the cylinders or casingscontaining the pipes. The drawings showfour groups of pipes; but I donot limit mysel t'to this n umber, nor to any par .ticular size or shapeof the casings containing the pipes, but use two or more, according tothe number of degrees that the air has to be cooled. Then, again, toavoid complexity in the drawings, the slides are shown to reverse theair-current through each two of the groups of pipes; but in a workingarrangement it will be found desirable to arrange the slides so as tocontrol the air-current in each one of the series.

I. am aware that prior to my invention a se ries of casings have beenarranged and connected together by air and liquid pipes, said casingsbeing provided with a series of airtubes adapted to be surrounded withliquid. I therefore do not claim such, broadly; but

What I do claim, and desire to sccu re by Lettcrs Patent, is

1. In an apparatus for cooling air, a series of groups of pipes withintervening depositingchambers, combined with an arrangement of slideswhereby the current of air maybe passed. through all theseries fromright to left or from. left to right, or diverted from passing througheach one of the series in either directioinwitlr out interrupting theflow of air through the ap- )aratus, substantially as described andshown.

2. In an apparatus for cooling air, the combination of a series ofgroups of pipes with intervening depositing-chambers, and the slides,with a pressure-blower, substantially as de scribed, and for the purposespecified.

The continuous pipe G, provided with openings and cocks, as specified,in combination with intersecting casing-pipes i.'ovi('.le l with slidesI, substantially as described, and for the purposes set forth.

at. The base A, provided with. depositingchamber A, in combination. withunderlying drain-pipc 19, substantially as described, and for thepurposes set forth.

5. The base A, provided with depositingchambcr A, in combination withumlerlying drainipe E, provided with semi-partitions ll, substantiallyas described, and for the purposes set forth.

(5. The compartment A, provided with open ings F", in combination withair-pipes F F, substantially as described, and for the purposes setforth.

7. The compartment A, provided wit-h openings F in combination withair-pipes F I. and a series of slides, II II" It, suliistantially as setforth and sp(, cified.

.TNO. UllrUtBlGRS.

\Vitnesses:

.T. K. KrLnoURX, 5 East Jinliurtrcmm, Lcudcnlmi/ St, Lon/Mal C.

(tno. S. IIANFORD,

102 (thallium 1177., ll'undswm-l/z (.bmmon, S. II

